Bone is an architecturally complex system that constantly undergoes structural and
functional optimisation through renewal and repair. The scanning electron microscope …

Bone has a complex hierarchical structure with structural integration from nm to cm. The
understanding of bone structure is developing rapidly due to improvements in available …

Bone is built from collagen fibrils and biomineral nanoparticles. In humans, they are
organized in lamellar twisting patterns on the microscale. It has been a central tenet that the …

Whitlockite is a calcium phosphate that was first identified in minerals collected from the
Palermo Quarry, New Hampshire. The terms magnesium whitlockite [Mg-whitlockite; Ca 18 …

The macro-and micro-features of bone can be assessed by using imaging methods.
However, nano-and molecular features require more detailed characterization, such as use …

Abstract Purpose of Review In perilacunar/canalicular remodeling (PLR), osteocytes
dynamically resorb, and then replace, the organic and mineral components of the …

The biomineralization of bone remains a puzzle. During Haversian remodeling in the dense
human cortical bone, osteoclasts excavate a tunnel that is then filled in by osteoblasts with …

Cortical bone porosity is intimately linked with remodeling, is of growing clinical interest, and
is increasingly accessible by imaging. Thus, the potential of animal models of osteoporosis …

Metabolic abnormalities, such as diabetes mellitus and obesity, can impact bone quantity
and/or bone quality. In this work, we characterize bone material properties, in terms of …

Osteocyte lacunae are small cavities within the bone matrix. Their dimensions and spatial
arrangement affect bone mechanical properties. Furthermore, their size and shape affect the …