Background: School refusal behavior is a particularly nettlesome problem for mental health
and education professionals because of its symptom severity and heterogeneity as well as …

Intractable self-injury remains a significant challenge in ASDs, especially when patients do
not respond adequately to behavioural and psychopharmacological interventions. ECT is …

An increasing number of case reports and series document the safe and effective use of
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in children, adolescents, and young adults with autism …

Background The behavioural phenotypes of Prader–Willi (PWS) and Fragile‐X (FraX)
syndromes both comprise repetitive behaviours with differences between the profiles. In this …

Objective Self-injurious behavior presents a significant challenge in autism, and first-line
psychopharmacological and behavioral interventions have limited efficacy in some patients …

Severe problem behavior (eg, self‐injury and aggression) remains among the most serious
challenges for the habilitation of persons with intellectual disabilities and is a significant …

A retrospective review was conducted from the inpatient and outpatient records of twenty-
two autistic youth presenting to a neurobehavioral service over a twelve-year period for …

Multiple reports show the efficacious usage of ECT for catatonia in individuals with autism.
There are also a few reports showing that ECT improves self-injury in people with and …

We report the successful use of electroconvulsive therapy in a 11-year-old boy with autism
and a 4-year history of psychotropic-resistant bipolar affective disorder associated with …

Many individuals with intellectual disability will at some time in their lives engage in problem
behaviors that may place them and others at risk, and reduce their opportunities for healthy …