Coenzyme A (CoA) is a ubiquitous essential cofactor that plays a central role in the
metabolism of carboxylic acids, including short-and long-chain fatty acids. In the last few …

Arguably the most defining moment in our lives is fertilization, the point at which we inherit
either an X or a Y chromosome from our father. The profoundly different journeys of male …

Sex-specific gonadal development starts with formation of the bipotential gonad, which then
differentiates into either a mature testis or an ovary. This process is dependent on activation …

Sex-determining region Y (Sry) is the crucial gene that initiates male sex determination in
most mammals. Although several components of the pathway regulating sexual …

Disorders of sex development (DSD) are congenital conditions in which the development of
chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical. Many of the genes required for gonad …

Coenzyme A (CoA) is the predominant acyl carrier in mammalian cells and a cofactor that
plays a key role in energy and lipid metabolism. CoA and its thioesters (acyl-CoAs) regulate …

In mammals, male sex is determined by the Y-chromosomal gene Sry (sex-determining
region of Y chromosome). The expression of Sry and subsequently Sox9 (SRY box …

Abstract Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1/Ad4BP; NR5A1), a nuclear receptor transcription
factor, has a pivotal role in adrenal and gonadal development in humans and mice. A …

Cell differentiation and acquisition of specialized functions are inherent steps in events that
lead to normal tissue development and function. These processes require accurate …

Mice lacking the function of the polycomb group protein CBX2 (chromobox homolog 2; also
known as M33) show defects in gonadal, adrenal, and splenic development. In particular …