The kidneys and heart share functions with the common goal of maintaining homeostasis.
When kidney injury occurs, many compounds, the so-called “uremic retention solutes” or …

The meaning of uremia, which refers to the illness accompanying kidney failure that is
unexplained by derangements in extracellular volume, inorganic ion concentrations, or lack …

Uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresol, or p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), are
markedly accumulated in the organs of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. These toxins …

The mechanisms underlying the insulin resistance that frequently accompanies CKD are
poorly understood, but the retention of renally excreted compounds may play a role. One …

BACKGROUND: Residual kidney function (RKF) is associated with improved survival in
peritoneal dialysis patients, but its role in hemodialysis patients is less well known. Urine …

Based on in vitro data, protein-bound uremic retention solutes have increasingly been
recognized to play a pathophysiological role in the uremic syndrome. p-Cresol, a …

Bone and mineral metabolism becomes dysregulated with progression of chronic kidney
disease (CKD), and increasing levels of parathyroid hormone serve as an adaptive …

Background: Chronic renal failure patients are at high risk of cardiovascular events and
display endothelial dysfunction, a critical element in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent in the setting of chronic kidney disease
(CKD). Such coexistence of CVD and CKD—the so-called “cardiorenal or renocardiac …

Preserving residual renal function has always been the primary clinical goal for every
nephrologist managing patients with chronic kidney disease. There is no reason why this …