This paper reviews advancements and some novel ideas (not yet covered by reviews and
monographs) concerning thermodynamics and kinetics of protein crystal nucleation and …

Currently, magnetic technology and green solvents are widely used in chemical
engineering, environmental engineering and other fields as they are environmentally …

This highlight investigates the different aspects of electric fields controlling crystallization,
focusing on strong electric fields. Application of both internal and external electric fields, as …

How electric field (EF) assists in crystal growth has been difficult to describe uniformly. Many
factors concerning the amplitude, frequency, and waveform of the field, gating and duration …

Droplet microfluidics allows a higher degree of control over the crystallization conditions
than conventional methodologies. To extend this approach, this work explores the …

External electric fields are an effective tool to induce phase transformations. The
crystallization of ionic crystals from solution is a common phase transformation. However …

A gel can be considered to be a two-phase (liquid and solid) system, which lacks flow once it
reaches a stationary state. The solid phase is usually a tridimensional polymeric mesh, while …

The crystallization technique where an electric field is applied is an extremely powerful tool
to control the crystallization processes of various materials. In particular, the method with …

We experimentally studied the effects of an externally applied electric field on protein
crystallization and liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) and its crystallization kinetics. For …

Three-dimensional protein molecule structures are essential for acquiring a deeper insight
of the human genome, and for developing novel protein-based pharmaceuticals. X-ray …