Punitive school discipline deploys surveillance, exclusion, and corporal punishment to deter
or account for perceived student misbehavior. Yet, education and legal scholarship suggests …

Background Differential effects of physical activity (PA) interventions across population sub-
groups may contribute to inequalities in health. This systematic scoping review explored the …

Background Exposure to early-life adversity is known to predict DNA methylation (DNAm)
patterns that may be related to psychiatric risk. However, few studies have investigated …

Technology is continually evolving, and Blockchain development in recent years has shown
tremendous adaptability. Blockchain's emphasis lies mainly in the finance sector, but some …

Background Chronic stress increases chronic disease risk and may underlie the association
between exposure to adverse socioeconomic conditions and adverse health outcomes. The …

Background Previous studies suggest that preschoolers from low socioeconomic
backgrounds engage in more screen time. Still, the factors in the social and physical home …

Numerous studies attest to the salubriousness of social participation across contexts.
Factors such as health-related behaviour, health risk aversion, and psychosocial traits partly …

Introduction Understanding educational patterns in excess mortality during the coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may help to identify strategies to reduce disparities. It is …

OBJECTIVES Few researchers have evaluated whether school racial segregation, a key
manifestation of structural racism, affects child health, despite its potential impacts on school …

Abstract Background Some studies in Western countries have suggested that education and
income are differentially associated with different drinking patterns. This study aimed to …