Importance Harms and benefits of opioids for chronic noncancer pain remain unclear.
Objective To systematically review randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of opioids for chronic …

Back pain affects most adults, causes disability for some, and is a common reason for
seeking healthcare. In the United States, opioid prescription for low back pain has …

This guideline provides recommendations for clinicians providing pain care, including those
prescribing opioids, for outpatients aged≥ 18 years. It updates the CDC Guideline for …

Background: Opioid use, abuse, and adverse consequences, including death, have
escalated at an alarming rate since the 1990s. In an attempt to control opioid abuse …

Objective To describe the epidemiologic characteristics and associations with increased
health care utilization in US adults with chronic low back pain (LBP). Methods The National …

The purpose of this comprehensive review is to describe various aspects of crisis of opioid
use in the United States. The obstacles that must be surmounted are primarily inappropriate …

Background Long-term efficacy of opioids for non-cancer pain is unproven, but risks argue
for cautious prescribing. Few data suggest how long or how much opioid can be prescribed …

The relationships between the initial opioid prescription characteristics and pain etiology
with the probability of opioid discontinuation were explored in this retrospective cohort study …

Importance Current approaches to identifying individuals at high risk for opioid overdose
target many patients who are not truly at high risk. Objective To develop and validate a …

Pain causes widespread suffering, disability, social displacement, and expense. Whether
the issue is viewed from a moral, political, or public health perspective, pain that can be …