Enzyme immobilization often achieves reusable biocatalysts with improved operational
stability and solvent resistance. However, these modifications are generally associated with …

Highlights•Genomatica has developed a commercial bioprocess for the production of 1, 4-
butanediol from dextrose.•A systems biology approach enabled rapid identification and …

Directed evolution is a powerful technique for generating tailor-made enzymes for a wide
range of biocatalytic applications. Following the principles of natural evolution, iterative …

Directed evolution and rational design are powerful strategies in protein engineering to tailor
enzyme properties to meet the demands in academia and industry. Traditional approaches …

Directed evolution has matured to a routinely applied algorithm to tailor enzyme properties
to meet the demands in various applications. In order to free directed enzyme evolution from …

Enzyme discovery and directed evolution are the two major contemporary approaches for
the improvement of industrial processes by biocatalysis in various fields. Customization of …

Enzymes are highly specific catalysts delivering improved drugs and greener industrial
processes. Naturally occurring enzymes must typically be optimized which is often …

Thermal stability is one of the most desirable characteristics in the search for novel lipases.
The search for thermophilic microorganisms for synthesising functional enzyme biocatalysts …

Natural enzymes have evolved over millions of years to allow for their effective operation
within specific environments. However, it is significant to note that despite their wide …

Lipases are ubiquitous enzymes of great physiological significance that have been used
extensively in multiple industries. Environmental microorganisms are a major source for the …