The human body is full of an extensive number of commensal microbes, consisting of
bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively termed the human microbiome. The initial …

Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota play a crucial role in the bidirectional
communication between the gut and the brain suggesting that the gut microbes may shape …

The gut microbiome acts as an integral part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that has the
largest and vulnerable surface with desirable features to observe foods, nutrients, and …

Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by the
accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein protein (Lewy bodies) in dopaminergic neurons …

Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the
gastrointestinal tract, liver, and nervous systems. In the past few decades, breakthrough …

The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a bidirectional signaling mechanism between the
gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. The complexity of the intestinal …

The traditional fields of pharmacology and toxicology are beginning to consider the
substantial impact our gut microbiota has on host physiology. The microbiota-gut-brain axis …

The accumulating knowledge of the host-microbiota interplay gives rise to the microbiota-gut-
brain (MGB) axis. The MGB axis depicts the interkingdom communication between the gut …

There is increasing knowledge regarding the role of the microbiome in modulating brain and
behaviour. Indeed, the actions of microbial metabolites are key for appropriate gut-brain …

Microorganisms colonize the human gastrointestinal tract. These microbes may vary
depending upon age, food habits, and health conditions. Uses of probiotics and probiotic …