Phytoplankton size structure controls the trophic organization of planktonic communities and
their ability to export biogenic materials toward the ocean's interior. Our understanding of the …

Patterns of environmental spatial structure lie at the heart of the most fundamental and
familiar patterns of diversity on Earth. Antarctica contains some of the strongest …

The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for
atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying …

Animals living in the Southern Ocean have evolved in a singular environment. It shares
many of its attributes with the high Arctic, namely low, stable temperatures, the pervading …

The extent, duration, and seasonality of sea ice and glacial discharge strongly influence
Antarctic marine ecosystems. Most organisms' life cycles in this region are attuned to ice …

The oceans cover the majority of the Earth's surface; they influence our climate and provide
a valuable source of food to billions of people. Yet despite its fundamental impact on our …

Abstract The west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region has undergone significant changes in
temperature and seasonal ice dynamics since the mid-twentieth century, with strong impacts …

Antarctic marine species have evolved in one of the coldest and most temperature-stable
marine environments on Earth. They have long been classified as being stenothermal, or …

The coastal waters of the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) are associated with large
phytoplankton blooms dominated by large (> 20 µm) diatoms however, nanoplankton (< 20 …

Abstract The Southern Ocean microbial ecosystem, with its pronounced seasonal shifts, is
vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Since viruses are key modulators of microbial …