The human gut harbours trillions of symbiotic bacteria that play a key role in programming
different aspects of host physiology in health and disease. These intestinal microbes are …

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a major component of the systems that
respond to stress, by coordinating the neuroendocrine and autonomic responses. Tightly …

Prolactin (PRL) is one of the most versatile hormones known. It is considered an adaptive
hormone due to the key roles it plays in the modulation of the stress response and during …

Over the past 40 years, it has been recognised that the maternal hypothalamic‐pituitary‐
adrenal (HPA) axis undergoes adaptations through pregnancy and lactation that might …

The time around birth is accompanied by behavioural and physiological adaptations of the
maternal brain, which ensure reproductive functions, maternal care and the survival of the …

Introduction Prolactin is a peptide hormone mainly synthetized and secreted by the anterior
pituitary gland, but also by extrapituitary tissues, such as mammary gland, decidua, prostate …

Pregnancy, parturition and lactation comprise a continuum of adaptive changes necessary
for the development and maintenance of the offspring. The endocrine changes that are …

The time of pregnancy, birth, and lactation, is characterized by numerous specific alterations
in several systems of the maternal body. Peripartum‐associated changes in physiology and …

This review focuses on research on both the neural substrate of maternal responsiveness
and on the physiological, behavioral, and motivational adaptations to the maternal state. The …

Early life stress is believed to constitute a risk factor for the development of mood disorders
later in life. In the present study, we hypothesized that prenatal stress (PS) exerts long …