Recognition of foreign or misplaced nucleic acids is one of the principal modes by which the
immune system detects pathogenic entities. When cytosolic DNA is sensed, a signal is …

The retina is a complex tissue with multiple cell layers that are highly ordered. Its
sophisticated structure makes it especially sensitive to external or internal perturbations that …

Lung infections and smoking are risk factors for multiple sclerosis, a T-cell-mediated
autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. In addition, the lung serves as a niche …

Microglia and central nervous system (CNS)-associated macrophages (CAMs), such as
perivascular and meningeal macrophages, are implicated in virtually all diseases of the …

Astrocytes have important roles in the central nervous system (CNS) during health and
disease. Through genome-wide analyses we detected a transcriptional response to type I …

Type I interferons (IFNs) activate intracellular antimicrobial programmes and influence the
development of innate and adaptive immune responses. Canonical type I IFN signalling …

Despite the clinical success of checkpoint inhibitors, a substantial gap still exists in our
understanding of their mechanism of action. While antibodies to cytotoxic T lymphocyte …

Mononuclear phagocytic cells in the CNS used to be defined according to their anatomical
location and surface marker expression. Recently, this concept has been challenged by the …

Aging-associated cognitive decline is affected by factors produced inside and outside the
brain. By using multiorgan genome-wide analysis of aged mice, we found that the choroid …

ABSTRACT Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a cytokine with potent anti-inflammatory properties that
plays a central role in limiting host immune response to pathogens, thereby preventing …