We attempted a complete review of the empirical literature on effects of roads and traffic on
animal abundance and distribution. We found 79 studies, with results for 131 species and 30 …

A multi-scaled model for biodiversity conservation in forests was introduced in Sweden 30
years ago, which makes it a pioneer example of an integrated ecosystem approach. Trees …

Throughout their recent recovery in several industrialized countries, large carnivores have
had to cope with a changed landscape dominated by human infrastructure. Population …

Home range size in mammals is a key ecological trait and an important parameter in
conservation planning, and has been shown to be influenced by ecological, demographic …

The recovery of large carnivores in human-dominated landscapes comes with challenges. In
general, large carnivores avoid humans and their activities, and human avoidance favors …

Despite the popular perception of protected areas as vestiges of remnant wilderness, the
behavior and activity patterns of wildlife in these areas are still subject to many forms of …

The central‐European population of wolves Canis lupus has its western border of
contiguous range in eastern Poland. Protected since 1998, Polish wolves began to expand …

Large carnivores are amongst the most susceptible species to human activities, and human-
modified environments pose a threat to carnivore conservation. Wolves (Canis lupus …

Wildlife may adapt activity patterns to daily and seasonal variations in environmental factors
and human activity. At the daily scale, diurnal or nocturnal activity can be a response to …

Background Reestablishment of apex predators influences the availability and distribution of
biomass for scavengers and can therefore be an important agent for structuring species …