Abstract In 1964, the geneticist Robin Holliday proposed a mechanism of DNA-strand
exchange that attempted to explain gene-conversion events that occur during meiosis in …

Bacteriophages (prokaryotic viruses) are favourite model systems to study DNA replication
in prokaryotes, and provide examples for every theoretically possible replication …

Summary Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPRs) and the
associated proteins (Cas) comprise a system of adaptive immunity against viruses and …

Werner syndrome (WRN) is an uncommon autosomal recessive disease whose phenotype
includes features of premature aging, genetic instability, and an elevated risk of cancer. We …

In all living organisms, the response to double-strand breaks (DSBs) is critical for the
maintenance of chromosome integrity. Homologous recombination (HR), which utilizes a …

Functional studies strongly suggest that the Mus81-Eme1 complex resolves Holliday
junctions (HJs) in fission yeast, but in vitro it preferentially cleaves flexible three-way …

DNA nucleases catalyze the cleavage of phosphodiester bonds. These enzymes play
crucial roles in various DNA repair processes, which involve DNA replication, base excision …

Homologous recombination (HR) is required to promote both correct chromosome
segregation and genetic variation during meiosis. For this to be successful recombination …

The key intermediate in genetic recombination is the Holliday junction (HJ), a four-way DNA
structure. At the end of recombination, HJs are cleaved by specific nucleases called …

Human chromosomal fragile sites are specific genomic regions which exhibit gaps or breaks
on metaphase chromosomes following conditions of partial replication stress. Fragile sites …