The heat shock proteins (HSPs) are ubiquitous and conserved protein families in both
prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, and they maintain cellular proteostasis and protect …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized
by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) and non-DA neurons, the almost uniform presence of …

Dopamine dyshomeostasis has been acknowledged among the determinants of nigrostriatal
neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Several studies in experimental models …

Mutations in PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) cause early onset autosomal recessive
Parkinson's disease (PD). PINK1 is a 63 kDa protein kinase, which exerts a neuroprotective …

In recent years, inflammation has become implicated as a major pathogenic factor in the
onset and progression of Parkinson's disease. Understanding the precise role for …

Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene cause late-onset, autosomal
dominant familial Parkinson's disease (PD) and also contribute to idiopathic PD. LRRK2 …

Mutations in α-synuclein and Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are linked to autosomal
dominant forms of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about any potential …

LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat protein kinase 2) is mutated in a significant number of
Parkinson's disease patients, but still little is understood about how it is regulated or …

Leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations are the most common genetic cause of
Parkinson's disease (PD) although LRRK2 function remains unclear. We report a new role …

Movement disorders can be primarily divided into hypokinetic and hyperkinetic. Most of the
hypokinetic syndromes are associated with the neurodegenerative disorder Parkinson's …