Physical condition is important for the ability to resist various parasites and diseases as well
as in escaping predators thus contributing to reproductive success, over-winter survival and …

Urban areas differ from natural habitats in several environmental features that influence the
characteristics of animals living there. For example, birds often start breeding seasonally …

In animal communication, signals are expected to evolve to be honest, so that receivers
avoid being manipulated by signalers. One way that signals can evolve to be honest is for …

Patterns of pathogen prevalence are, at least partially, the result of coevolutionary host–
pathogen interactions. Thus, exploring the distribution of host genetic variation in relation to …

Life‐history theory predicts that hosts may adjust the costs of parasites by altering their
reproductive effort. Haemosporidian parasites can affect the reproductive output of wild birds …

Abstract Theory predicts that organisms are apt to optimize their resource allocation strategy
and since rearing offspring is costly, condition might predict individual fitness as individuals …

The gut microbiome (hereafter, GM) varies across individuals of the same species and this
pattern has been observed in multiple wild species. Evidence shows that the GM connects to …

The gut microbiome is a complex community of microorganisms that inhabit the host's
gastrointestinal tract, and it influences host physiology and health. The gut microbiome has …

Host-parasite interactions play a significant role in evolution. Parasite infections impose
fitness costs that can trigger trade-off responses in host reproductive strategies. Individuals …

In the last decades, several species of avian aerial insectivores have experienced steep
declines in different regions of North America, and no single driver has been identified …