Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by a reduction in bone
mass, bone quality, and microarchitectural deterioration. An imbalance in bone remodeling …

Bisphenol A (BPA) has become a target of intense public scrutiny since concerns about its
association with human diseases such as obesity, diabetes, reproductive disorders, and …

Flavonoids are a major group of phytoestrogens associated with physiological effects, and
ecological and social impacts. Although the estrogenic activity of flavonoids was reported by …

A comprehensive summary of more than 450 estrogenic chemicals including estrogenic
endocrine disruptors is provided here to understand the complex and profound impact of …

Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure has been associated with serious endocrine-disrupting effects
in humans and wildlife. Toxicological and epidemiological studies evidenced that BPA …

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) belong to a superfamily of
nuclear receptors called steroid hormone receptors, which, upon binding ligand, dimerize …

Estrogens are critical mediators of multiple and diverse physiologic effects throughout the
body in both sexes, including the reproductive, cardiovascular, endocrine, nervous, and …

Icariin, the main active flavonoid glucoside isolated from Herba epimedii (HEF), is an
anabolic agent in bone that has been reported to prevent bone loss in ovariectomized rats …

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine disrupting compound (EDC), capable of
affecting the normal function and development of the reproductive system, brain, adipose …

With the advent of the industrial revolution, the accumulation of persistent organic pollutants
(POPs) in the environment has become ubiquitous. POPs are halogen-containing organic …