Acetylcholine plays an essential role in fundamental aspects of cognition. Studies that have
mapped the activity and functional connectivity of cholinergic neurons have shown that the …

Accurate perception of the environment is a constructive process that requires integration of
external bottom-up sensory signals with internally generated top-down information. Decades …

Fluctuations in brain and behavioral state are supported by broadly projecting
neuromodulatory systems. In this study, we use mesoscale two-photon calcium imaging to …

Cholinergic basal forebrain (CBF) signaling exhibits multiple timescales of activity with
classic slow signals related to brain and behavioral states and fast, phasic signals reflecting …

Sound elicits rapid movements of muscles in the face, ears, and eyes that protect the body
from injury and trigger brain-wide internal state changes. Here, we performed quantitative …

Summary Layer 1 (L1) of the neocortex acts as a nexus for the collection and processing of
widespread information. By integrating ascending inputs with extensive top-down activity …

The amygdala, cholinergic basal forebrain, and higher-order auditory cortex (HO-AC)
regulate brain-wide plasticity underlying auditory threat learning. Here, we perform multi …

Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) play an important role in associative learning,
suggesting that BFCNs may participate in processing stimuli that predict future outcomes …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with amyloidosis and dysfunction of the cholinergic
system, which is crucial for learning and memory. However, the nature of acetylcholine …

Acetylcholine is released in visual cortex by axonal projections from the basal forebrain. The
signals conveyed by these projections and their computational significance are still unclear …