Dendritic cells (DCs) are composed of a family of cells, now recognized to be essential for
innate and acquired immunity. DCs at mucosal surfaces have a particular capacity to induce …

Allergic contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is a T cell–mediated inflammatory skin disease.
Interleukin (IL)-12 is considered to be important in the generation of the allergen-specific T …

Dendritic cells (DC) develop in vivo from hematopoietic precursor cells. This process can be
mimicked in vitro by growth factor stimulation. Among those factors granulocyte-macrophage …

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in critical illness and are depleted in spleens from septic
patients and mice. To date, few studies have characterized the systemic effect of sepsis on …

In healthy individuals, humoral immune responses to allergens consist of serum IgA and
IgG4, whereas cellular immune responses are controlled by regulatory T (Treg) cells. In …

The encapsulated pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans is poorly recognized by
phagocytic cells in the absence of opsonins. Macrophages will bind and internalize …

BACKGROUND: Transmembrane activator, calcium modulator, and cyclophilin ligand
interactor (TACI) expression on B cells is upregulated by Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 …

Immature dendritic cells (DC), in contrast to their mature counterparts, are incapable of
mobilizing a CD8+ CTL response, and, instead, have been reported to induce CTL …

BACKGROUND: B cells receive activating signals from T cells through CD40, from microbial
DNA through Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9, and from dendritic cells through transmembrane …

Dendritic cells (DC) are antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with unique properties that allow
them to efficiently process antigens and activate naive T cells. Mucosal DCs have a …