Laser pulses are the shortest stimulus known to control the magnetization of materials and to
switch magnetic devices on the picosecond to femtosecond timescales. Femtosecond laser …

The discovery of ultrafast demagnetization by Bigot and Beaurepaire in 1996 launched the
field of ultrafast magnetism–the study of sub-picosecond magnetization dynamics in …

Building upon the success and relevance of the 2014 Magnetism Roadmap, this 2017
Magnetism Roadmap edition follows a similar general layout, even if its focus is naturally …

The discovery of spin-transfer torque (STT) enabled the control of the magnetization
direction in magnetic devices in nanoseconds using an electrical current. Ultrashort optical …

Energy-efficient control of magnetization without the help of a magnetic field is a key goal of
spintronics. Purely heat-induced single-pulse all-optical toggle switching has been …

When exciting a magnetic material with a femtosecond laser pulse, the amplitude of
magnetization is no longer constant and can decrease within a time scale comparable to the …

We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of all-optical switching by single
femtosecond laser pulses. Our experimental results demonstrate that, unlike rare-earth …

Ultrafast demagnetization of rare-earth metals is distinct from that of 3d ferromagnets, as rare-
earth magnetism is dominated by localized 4f electrons that cannot be directly excited by an …

Since it was recently demonstrated in a spin-valve structure, magnetization reversal of a
ferromagnetic layer using a single ultrashort optical pulse has attracted attention for future …

Perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (p-MTJs), as building blocks of spintronic devices,
offer substantial potential for next-generation nonvolatile memory applications. However …