The recommendations listed in this guideline are, whenever possible, evidence based. An
initial extensive evidence review, which included literature derived from research involving …

Baroreflex Dysfunction Baroreflexes play both an adaptive and a homeostatic role,
maintaining blood pressure, heart rate, and blood volume within the normal range. Defects …

Objective: Symptomatic orthostatic hypotension (SOH) and recurrent reflex syncope (RRS)
can be disabling. Midodrine has been proposed in the management of patients with these …

Objectives: To determine, using systematic review of the biomedical literature, whether
pacing reduces risk of recurrent syncope and relevant clinical outcomes among adult …

Aims Previous reports have suggested that cardioneuroablation (CNA) can be effective in
reducing syncopal recurrences in patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS). This study …

Syncope which occurs suddenly in the setting of recovery from exercise, known as post-
exercise syncope, represents a failure of integrative physiology during recovery from …

Background The most recent syncope guideline recommends that implantable loop
recorders (ILRs) are implanted in the early phase of evaluation of people with recurrent …

Carotid sinus syndrome (CSS) is a disease of the autonomic nervous system presenting with
syncope, especially in older males who often have cardiovascular disease. The aetiology is …

Syncope, defined as a self-limited transient loss of consciousness and postural tone due to
global cerebral hypoperfusion, is a common reason for emergency room visits, with a third of …

Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is due to a common autonomic reflex involving the cardiovascular
system. It is associated with bradycardia (cardioinhibitory response) and/or hypotension …