Life-history trade-offs between components of fitness arise because reproduction entails
both gains and costs. Costs of reproduction can be divided into ecological and physiological …

Field parasitological studies consistently demonstrate the reality of polyparasitism in natural
systems. However, only recently, studies from ecological and evolutionary fields have …

A large number of sexual selection studies have focused on examining the morphological
and behavioural factors involved in male combat and female choice, such as whether large …

Studies of animal locomotion and movement largely assume that individuals are healthy and
performing to the best of their abilities in ways which are adapted to their survival. However …

Summary 1 We have assessed how different host parameters affect species richness of flea
assemblages using the independent contrasts method. Three groups of host parameters …

The potential of biological invasions to threaten native ecosystems is well recognized. Here
we describe how an introduced species impacts on native host-parasite dynamics by acting …

Plague causes periodic epizootics that decimate populations of prairie dogs
(PDs)(Cynomys), but the means by which the causative bacterium (Yersinia pestis) persists …

Male sex‐biased parasitism (SBP) occurs across a range of mammalian taxa and two
contrasting sets of hypotheses have been suggested for its establishment. The first invokes …

1. Testosterone (T) co-ordinates the seasonal and sex-specific expression of numerous
physiological, behavioural and morphological traits that contribute to male reproductive …

The tick Ixodes ricinus is the main vector of the spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato,
the causal agent of Lyme borreliosis, in the western Palearctic. Rodents are the reservoir …