Interactions between the immune system and the nervous system have been described
mostly in the context of diseases. More recent studies have begun to reveal how certain …

For our immune system to contain or eliminate malignant solid tumours, both myeloid and
lymphoid haematopoietic cells must not only extravasate from the bloodstream into the …

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that control the migration and positioning of immune
cells in tissues and are critical for the function of the innate immune system. Chemokines …

The CXC chemokine CXCL12 is an important factor in physiological and pathological
processes, including embryogenesis, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis and inflammation …

The immune system of fish is very similar to vertebrates, although there are some important
differences. Fish are free-living organisms from the embryonic stage of life in their aquatic …

Neuroinflammation caused by local deposits of Aβ42 in the brain is key for the pathogenesis
and progression of Alzheimer's disease. However, inflammation in the brain is not always a …

Cytokines are pleotrophic proteins that coordinate the host response to infection as well as
mediate normal, ongoing signaling between cells of nonimmune tissues, including the …

While the mammalian macrophage phenotypes have been intensively studied in vitro, the
dynamic of their phenotypic polarization has never been investigated in live vertebrates. We …

The human chemokine superfamily currently includes at least 46 ligands, which bind to 18
functionally signaling G-protein-coupled receptors and two decoy or scavenger receptors …

Echinoderms occupy a critical and largely unexplored phylogenetic vantage point from
which to infer both the early evolution of bilaterian immunity and the underpinnings of the …