Branching morphogenesis is a fascinating process whereby a simple network of biological
tubes increases its complexity by adding new branches to existing ones, generating an …

Stem cells can generate a diversity of cell types during development, regeneration and adult
tissue homeostasis. Differentiation changes not only the cell fate in terms of gene expression …

The treatment of patients with advanced-stage osteosarcoma represents a major challenge,
with very few treatments currently approved. Although accumulating evidence has …

The GPCR SUCNR1/GPR91 exerts proangiogenesis upon stimulation with the Krebs cycle
metabolite succinate. GPCR signaling depends on the surrounding environment and …

The male seminal fluid contains factors that affect female post‐mating behavior and
physiology. In Drosophila, most of these factors are secreted by the two epithelial cell types …

Organogenesis involves folding of flat epithelial tissues into three-dimensional (3D) shapes.
Quantitative analysis in 3D of the concentration gradients of biochemical and mechano …

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) make up
the core machinery that mediates membrane fusion. SNAREs, syntaxin, synaptosome …

Rab, a low molecular weight GTP-binding protein, regulates the transmission of intracellular
proteins. Insect neuropeptides that are directly involved in growth, development …

Vascular network formation requires the fusion of newly formed blood vessels and the
emergence of a patent lumen between the newly established connections so that blood flow …

Several species of Clostridia produce botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), the most toxic protein
known to humans, with an LD 50 of~ 1 ng/kg of body weight. The Centers for Disease …