An exciting area in behavioural ecology focuses on understanding why animals exhibit
consistent among-individual differences in behaviour (animal personalities). Animal …

Many biologists are calling for an'extended evolutionary synthesis' that would'modernize the
modern synthesis' of evolution. Biological information is typically considered as being …

Individual animals frequently exhibit repeatable differences from other members of their
population, differences now commonly referred to as 'animal personality'. Personality …

Efforts to understand the links between evolutionary and ecological dynamics hinge on our
ability to measure and understand how genes influence phenotypes, fitness and population …

Cognition is defined as the processes by which animals collect, retain and use information
from their environment to guide their behaviour. Thus cognition is essential in a wide range …

Interactions among conspecifics influence social evolution through two distinct but intimately
related paths. First, they provide the opportunity for indirect genetic effects (IGEs), where …

Several personality traits are mainly expressed in a social context, and others, which are not
restricted to a social context, can be affected by the social interactions with conspecifics. In …

Labile characters allow individuals to flexibly adjust their phenotype to changes in
environmental conditions. There is growing evidence that individuals can differ both in …

Although competition between females is one of the cornerstones of the theory of natural
selection, most studies of reproductive competition have focussed principally on mating …

Behavior is rapidly flexible and highly context-dependent, which poses obvious challenges
to researchers attempting to dissect its causes. However, over a century of unresolved …