Except in rare cases, the stomach can withstand exposure to highly concentrated
hydrochloric acid, refluxed bile salts, alcohol, and foodstuffs with a wide range of …

Abstract Treatment of inflammatory diseases today is largely based on interrupting the
synthesis or action of mediators that drive the host's response to injury. Non-steroidal anti …

This article reviews the pathogenic mechanism of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(NSAID)-induced gastric damage, focusing on the relation between cyclooxygenase (COX) …

This article reviews the latest developments in understanding the pathogenesis, detection
and treatment of small intestinal damage and bleeding caused by nonsteroidal anti …

The mechanisms underlying the ability of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to
cause ulceration in the stomach and proximal duodenum are well understood, and this …

The mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is able to resist digestion by the
endogenous substances that we secrete to digest foodstuffs. So-called “mucosal defense” is …

Multicellular responses to infection, injury, or inflammatory stimuli lead to the formation and
release of a wide range of local chemical mediators by the host. The integrated response of …

The integrated inflammatory response of the host is essential in health and disease. Hence,
it is important to achieve a more complete understanding of the local cellular and molecular …

The development of selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) was based on the
concept that this enzyme played little, if any, role in modulating the ability of the …

Over the past decade, compelling in vivo and in vitro studies have highlighted lipoxins (LXs)
and aspirin-triggered LXs (ATLs) as endogenously produced anti-inflammatory eicosanoids …