In humans, various genetic defects or age-related diseases, such as diabetic retinopathies,
glaucoma, and macular degeneration, cause the death of retinal neurons and profound …

One hundred years ago, Otto Heinrich Warburg observed that postmitotic retinal cells are the
highest oxygen-consuming cells in the body. He compared these cells to actively growing …

Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling plays an important role in the regulation of long-wavelength
vision in vertebrates. In the retina, thyroid hormone receptor β (thrb) is required for …

Damage to the zebrafish retina stimulates resident Müller glia to reprogram, reenter the cell
cycle, divide asymmetrically, and produce neuronal progenitor cells that amplify and …

Retinal regeneration is robust in some cold-blooded vertebrates, but this process is
ineffective in warm-blooded vertebrates. Understanding the mechanisms that suppress the …

The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is deficient in intrinsic machineries to
replace neurons lost in injuries or progressive degeneration. Various types of these neurons …

Retinal regeneration efficiency from Müller glia varies tremendously among vertebrate
species, being extremely limited in mammals. Efforts towards the identification of molecular …

In contrast to mammals, zebrafish can regenerate their damaged photoreceptors. This
capacity depends on the intrinsic plasticity of Müller glia (MG). Here, we identified that the …

The importance of Müller glia for retinal homeostasis suggests that they may have
vulnerabilities that lead to retinal disease. Here, we studied the effect of selectively knocking …

The process of regeneration describes the full restoration of tissue after destruction from
injury or disease. Most mammals show very limited ability for regeneration of adult organs …