The modern antiretroviral treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection has
considerably lowered the incidence of opportunistic infections. With the exception of the …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents an urgent public health mandate. AD is no longer
considered a neural-centric disease; rather, a plethora of recent studies strongly implicate a …

Type I interferon (IFN) is a key cytokine that curbs viral infection and cell malignancy.
Previously, we demonstrated a potent IFN immunogenicity of nucleic acid–containing (NA …

Data suggest that cytokines released during the inflammatory response target subcortical
structures including the basal ganglia as well as dopamine function to acutely induce …

The availability of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) has not eliminated HIV-1
infection of the central nervous system (CNS) or the occurrence of HIV-associated …

Greenfield's Neuropathology, the world's leading neuropathology reference, provides a
comprehensive account of the pathological findings in neurological disease, their biological …

The small ruminant lentiviruses include the prototype for the genus, visna-maedi virus (VMV)
as well as caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). Infection of sheep or goats with these …

The immune status of the central nervous system (CNS) is strictly regulated. In the healthy
brain, immune responses are kept to a minimum. In contrast, in a variety of inflammatory and …

HIV can invade cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and cause progressive combined
cognitive and motor impairment in infected individuals. The cellular basis and mechanisms …

Neuroinflammation has an established link with AIDS-related dementia but has not been
investigated in the post-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era. In this autopsy …