As the primary protective barrier for neurons in the brain, the blood–brain barrier (BBB)
exists between the blood microcirculation system and the brain parenchyma. The normal …

Background Blau theorized that migraine triggers are exposures that in higher amounts
would damage the brain. The recent discovery that the TRPA1 ion channel transduces …

Spreading depression (SD) is a slowly propagating wave of neuronal and glial
depolarization lasting a few minutes, that can develop within the cerebral cortex or other …

The function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) related to chronic pain has been explored by its
classical role in regulating the transcellular and paracellular transport, thus controlling the …

Migraine is the third most prevalent disease on the planet, yet our understanding of its
mechanisms and pathophysiology is surprisingly incomplete. Recent studies have built …

Headache is the common thread of migraine, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome
(RCVS) and cervical artery dissection (CeAD), three medical conditions that otherwise …

In order to understand the nature of the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and
primary headaches, we have conducted a literature review with particular emphasis on the …

Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory ailment affects the respiratory system leading to
bronchial hyper-reactivity. Both genetic and environmental factors play a principal role in …

Background The blood-brain barrier (BBB) has been hypothesized to play a role in migraine
since the late 1970s. Despite this, limited investigation of the BBB in migraine has been …

The number of individuals suffering from diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) is
growing with an aging population. While candidate drugs for many of these diseases are …