Objective: To give critical care clinicians in Western nations a general overview of intensive
care medicine in less developed countries and to stimulate institutional or personal …

Background Healthcare workers are at risk of acquiring viral diseases such as hepatitis B,
hepatitis C and HIV through exposure to contaminated blood and body fluids at work. Most …

Abstract Background Sub-Saharan Africa has a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)
infections. Health care workers (HCWs) are at high risk of contracting HBV infection through …

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have been reported to be a serious
problem in the healthcare services as they are common causes of illness and mortality …

Background Implementing standard precautions (SP) has been a major challenge for health
care workers (HCWs) especially those in developing countries thereby compromising their …

Nursing is a hazardous occupation in the United States, but little is Known about workplace
health and safety issues facing the nursing work force in the Philippines. In this article, work …

Background Viral hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver due to viral infections and there are
groups of viruses that affects the liver of which hepatitis B and C viruses are the causative …

Background Percutaneous exposure injuries from devices used for blood collection or for
injections expose healthcare workers to the risk of blood borne infections such as hepatitis B …

Background: Needle-stick injuries (NSIs) and splash exposures carry a risk of occupational
acquisition of HIV and other blood borne pathogens to healthcare workers (HCWs) involved …

Human immunodeficiency (HIV) and hepatitis B (HIB) viruses are two distinct viruses that
share mode of transmission and risk factors. To assess the seroprevalence of HIV, hepatitis …