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Although rates of child maltreatment are declining, more than 600,000 children in the United
States are substantiated victims of abuse or neglect. The focus of this review is on the …

In this paper, we characterize major depression (MD) as a complex dynamic system in which
symptoms (eg, insomnia and fatigue) are directly connected to one another in a network …

Research into the causes of psychopathology has largely focused on two broad etiologic
factors: genetic vulnerability and environmental stressors. An important role for …

Major depression is the commonest psychiatric disorder and in the US has the greatest
impact of all biomedical diseases on disability. Here we review evidence of the genetic …

The diathesis–stress theory for depression states that the effects of stress on the depression
risk are dependent on the diathesis or vulnerability, implying multiplicative interactive effects …

Psychiatric disorders are among the most intractable enigmas in medicine. In the past 5
years, there has been unprecedented progress on the genetics of many of these conditions …

Prior genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of major depressive disorder (MDD) have
met with limited success. We sought to increase statistical power to detect disease loci by …

Candidate gene× environment (G× E) interaction research tests the hypothesis that the
effects of some environmental variable (eg, childhood maltreatment) on some outcome …

Early life stress, such as childhood abuse, neglect and loss, is a well established major risk
factor for developing depressive disorders later in life. We here summarize and discuss …