Reconstructing the genomes of bilaterian ancestors is central to our understanding of animal
evolution, where knowledge from ancient and/or slow-evolving bilaterian lineages is critical …

As members of the family of heme-dependent enzymes, the heme dioxygenases are
differentiated by virtue of their ability to catalyze the oxidation of l-tryptophan to N …

Abstract Tryptophan-2, 3-dioxygenase (TDO) is a homotetrameric heme-containing protein
catalyzing the initial step in the kynurenine pathway, which oxidates the 2, 3-double bond of …

Background Bivalves comprise 30,000 extant species, constituting the second largest group
of mollusks. However, limited genetic research has focused on this group of animals so far …

Abstract Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase (TDO) are
tryptophan-degrading enzymes that catalyze the same reaction, the first step in tryptophan …

The transient larva-bearing biphasic life cycle is the hallmark of many metazoan phyla, but
how metazoan larvae originated remains a major enigma in animal evolution. There are two …

As lipid microconstituents mainly of plant origin, carotenoids are essential nutrients for
humans and animals, and carotenoid coloration represents an important meat quality …

It is well established that there are two different classes of enzymes—tryptophan 2, 3-
dioxygenase (TDO) and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO)—that catalyse the O 2 …

The changes in seawater temperature due to global warming have produced profound
influences on the growth, survival and production of aquatic species. Therefore, improving …

Background Bivalves play an important role in the ecosystems they inhabit and represent an
important food source all over the world. So far limited genetic research has focused on this …