Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are central players in translation, functioning as adapter molecules
between the informational level of nucleic acids and the functional level of proteins. They …

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) catalyze the esterification of tRNA with a cognate
amino acid and are essential enzymes in all three kingdoms of life. Due to their important …

Mutations in genes encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are known to cause
leukodystrophies and genetic leukoencephalopathies—heritable disorders that result in …

Mitochondrial activity differs markedly between organs, but it is not known how and when
this arises. Here we show that cell lineage-specific expression profiles involving essential …

An orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pair is a crucial prerequisite for site-specific
incorporation of unnatural amino acids. Due to its high codon suppression efficiency and full …

The HIV-1 virion structural polyprotein, Gag, is directed to particle assembly sites at the
plasma membrane by its N-terminal matrix (MA) domain. MA also binds to host tRNAs. To …

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are essential enzymes that provide the ribosome with
aminoacyl-tRNA substrates for protein synthesis. Mutations in aaRSs lead to various …

Metazoan organisms have many tRNA genes responsible for decoding amino acids. The set
of all tRNA genes can be grouped in sets of common amino acids and isoacceptor tRNAs …

RNA viruses and viroids exist and evolve as quasispecies due to error-prone replication.
Quasispecies consist of a few dominant master sequences alongside numerous variants …

The T‐box riboswitches are widespread bacterial noncoding RNAs that directly bind specific
tRNAs, sense aminoacylation on bound tRNAs, and switch conformations to control amino …