A multitude of endocrine mechanisms are involved in coping with challenges.
Glucocorticoids, secreted by the adrenal glands, are in the front line of the battle to …

This review describes the physiological role of cortisol in the horses' body and the
usefulness of cortisol concentration measurements in assessing welfare and diagnosing …

The aims of the present study were to assess feasibility and validity of a fear test in adult
sport horses and to investigate whether the exposure to a fearful stimulus induces a change …

This study had the aim to demonstrate the midterm effects (three weeks) of weaning on foals'
welfare. For this purpose, foals' behavioral changes and fecal levels metabolites of cortisol …

Fish welfare is an important issue for growth of the aquaculture industry. Stress responses
represent animal's natural reactions to challenging conditions and could be used as a …

Simple Summary Being a prey species, horses evolved to rapidly react to potential danger
and loud noises may be perceived as such. Therefore, they can exhibit several anxiety …

Simple Summary In order to ensure species-appropriate horse keeping and management,
knowledge about horses' cognitive abilities is essential. One parameter used to measure the …

The study aimed to evaluate sensory laterality and concentration of faecal immunoglobulin A
(IgA) as non-invasive measures of stress in horses by comparing them with the already …

The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group clinical field
study was to evaluate the effect of detomidine oromucosal gel in alleviating anxiety and fear …

Simple Summary In recent years, interest in improving the welfare of wild species in captivity
has grown. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of different social …