The transition between initiation and productive elongation during RNA Polymerase II (Pol II)
transcription is a well-appreciated point of regulation across many eukaryotes. Elongating …

After transcription of a eukaryotic pre‐mRNA, its introns are removed by the spliceosome,
joining exons for translation. The intron products of splicing have long been considered …

Although messenger RNAs are key molecules for understanding life, until now, no method
has existed to determine the full-length sequence of endogenous mRNAs including their …

Current transcriptome annotations have largely relied on short read lengths intrinsic to the
most widely used high-throughput cDNA sequencing technologies. For example, in the …

ABSTRACT DNA molecules are highly compacted in the eukaryotic nucleus where distal
regulatory elements reach their targets through three-dimensional chromosomal …

Bacterial and eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerases (RNAPs) cap RNA with the oxidized and
reduced forms of the metabolic effector nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD+ and …

Massively parallel sequencing of the polyadenylated RNAs has played a key role in
delineating transcriptome complexity, including alternative use of an exon, promoter, 5′ or …

An essential step for understanding the transcriptional circuits that control development and
physiology is the global identification and characterization of regulatory elements. Here, we …

One of the key events in eukaryotic gene regulation and consequent transcription is the
assembly of general transcription factors and RNA polymerase II into a functional pre …

While DNA serves as the blueprint of life, the distinct functions of each cell are determined
by the dynamic expression of genes from the static genome. The amount and specific …