Background In the 5 years that have passed since the publication of the 2018 International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR‐Allergic Rhinitis …

Background Critical examination of the quality and validity of available allergic rhinitis (AR)
literature is necessary to improve understanding and to appropriately translate this …

Dopamine (DA) transmission is governed by processes that regulate release from axonal
boutons in the forebrain and the somatodendritic compartment in midbrain, and by …

The neurotransmitter transporters (NTTs) belonging to the solute carrier 6 (SLC6) gene
family (also referred to as the neurotransmitter-sodium-symporter family or Na+/Cl …

The classical biogenic amine neurotransmitters—dopamine, noradrenaline, and 5-
hydroxytryptamine—control a variety of functions including locomotion, autonomic function …

Using addictive drugs can evolve from controlled social use into the compulsive relapsing
disorder that characterizes addiction. This transition to addiction results from genetic …

Dopamine (DA) plays a well recognized role in a variety of physiologic functions such as
movement, cognition, mood, and reward. Consequently, many human disorders are due, in …

The high incidence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and escalating use of
ADHD medications present a compelling case for clarifying the pathophysiology of, and …

The dopamine transporter (DAT) regulates the clearance of dopamine (DA) released into the
extracellular space and is an important site on which psychostimulants act to produce their …

The dopamine transporter (DAT) removes dopamine from the extracellular milieu and is
potently inhibited by number of psychoactive drugs, including cocaine, amphetamines, and …