This paper reviews a recent progress of molecular level studies on the rigidity of surface
immobilized as well as membrane bound proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer. Some …

We develop equilibrium and kinetic theories that describe the assembly of viral capsid
proteins on a charged central core, as seen in recent experiments in which brome mosaic …

Immune checkpoint signaling, such as programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), is a key
target for immunotherapy due to its role in dampening immune responses. PD-1 signaling in …

Force versus extension curves measure entropic elasticity of single polymer chain in force
spectroscopy experiments. A Worm-like Chain model is used to describe force extension …

We measured viscoelasticity of two nanoscale systems, single protein molecules and
molecular layers of water confined between solid walls. In order to quantify the viscoelastic …

The advent of atomic force microscopy, along with optical tweezers, ushered in a new field of
single molecule force spectroscopy, wherein the response of a single protein or a …

We estimate the elasticity of single polymer chains using atomic force microscope (AFM)-
based oscillatory experiments. An accurate estimate of elasticity using AFM is limited by …

We investigated the effect of temperature on the mechanical unfolding of I27 from human
cardiac titin, employing a custom-built temperature control device for single-molecule atomic …

We performed dynamic force spectroscopy of single dextran and titin I27 molecules using
small-amplitude and low-frequency (40–240 Hz) dithering of an atomic force microscope tip …

The motor protein myosin II plays a crucial role in muscle contraction. The mechanical
properties of its coiled-coil region, the myosin rod, are important for effective force …