Genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of genetic variants associated
with complex human diseases and traits, and have provided valuable insights into their …

In the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been uncovered as key regulators of gene
expression at the post-transcriptional level. The ancient origin of miRNAs, their dramatic …

The central insight of Darwin's Origin of Species is that evolution is an ecological
phenomenon, arising from the activities of organisms in the'struggle for life'. By contrast, the …

Associations between modifiable exposures and disease seen in observational
epidemiology are sometimes confounded and thus misleading, despite our best efforts to …

Observational epidemiological studies suffer from many potential biases, from confounding
and from reverse causation, and this limits their ability to robustly identify causal …

Biotechnologies already on the horizon will enable us to be smarter, have better memories,
be stronger and quicker, have more stamina, live longer, be more resistant to diseases, and …

Robustness is characterized by the invariant expression of a phenotype in the face of a
genetic and/or environmental perturbation. Although phenotypic variance is a central …

Beim Studium der jüngeren Kontroversen über den Darwinismus fiel mir wiederholt auf, das
sie falsche Darstellungen enthielten, so als würde es sich um irgendetwas Umfassenderes …

Neurons can produce action potentials with high temporal precision. A fundamental issue is
whether, and how, this capability is used in information processing. According to the 'cell …

Living things are unimaginably complex, yet they have withstood a withering assault of
harmful influences over several billion years. These influences include cataclysmic changes …