It is well appreciated that biological reactive oxygen and nitrogen species such as hydrogen
peroxide, superoxide and nitric oxide, as well as endogenous antioxidant systems, are …

Significance: This review highlights the many intracellular processes generating reactive
oxygen species (ROS) in the peripheral nervous system in the context of type 1 diabetes …

Ferroptosis is a necrotic form of cell death caused by inactivation of the glutathione system
and uncontrolled iron-mediated lipid peroxidation. Increasing evidence implicates …

Experimental and clinical therapies in the field of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have focused on
elimination of extracellular amyloid beta aggregates or prevention of cytoplasmic neuronal …

Significance: The thioredoxin system comprises thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase
(TrxR), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, besides an endogenous Trx …

In response to extracellular and intracellular stressors, the nucleus and nuclear
compartments undergo distinct molecular changes to maintain cell homeostasis. In the …

Glycation refers to carbonyl group condensation of the reducing sugar with the free amino
group of protein, which forms Amadori products and advanced glycation end products …

Significance: Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) is a ubiquitous protein that is found in organisms ranging
from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. Trx1 acts as reductases in redox regulation and protects …

Hemozoin produced by Plasmodium falciparum during malaria infection has been linked to
the neurological dysfunction in cerebral malaria. In this study, we determined whether a …

Lysosomes are small specialized organelles containing a variety of different hydrolase
enzymes that are responsible for degradation of all macromolecules, entering the cells …