Background and aim Narcolepsy is an uncommon hypothalamic disorder of presumed
autoimmune origin that usually requires lifelong treatment. This paper aims to provide …

Sleepiness and fatigue are two interrelated, but distinct phenomena; observed in a number
of psychiatric, medical and primary sleep disorders. Despite their different implications in …

Background Narcolepsy is characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and
cataplexy. Histamine neurons are crucial to maintain wakefulness. We assessed the safety …

Narcolepsy with cataplexy is a disabling sleep disorder affecting 0· 02% of adults worldwide.
It is characterised by severe, irresistible daytime sleepiness and sudden loss of muscle tone …

Abstract Modafinil (2-[(Diphenylmethyl) sulfinyl] acetamide, Provigil) is an FDA-approved
medication with wake-promoting properties. Pre-clinical studies of modafinil suggest a …

The locus coeruleus (LC), the major noradrenergic nucleus of the brain, gives rise to fibres
innervating most structures of the neuraxis. Recent advances in neuroscience have helped …

In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) fatigue is the most common symptom and one of the
most disabling features. A s many as 40% have described it as the single most disabling …

Background Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has become the
standard of care in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), 2 systematic reviews …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the
central nervous system, characterized by the accumulation of numerous neurological …

Increased attention to the prevalence of excessive sleepiness has led to a clear need to treat
this symptom, thus reinforcing the need for a greater understanding of the neurobiology of …