Our goal in this review is to discuss the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of stroke
caused by atherosclerosis of the major intracranial arteries. References for the review were …

Atherosclerotic disease often involves the intracranial arteries including those encased by
cranial bones and dura, and those located in the subarachnoid space. Age, hypertension …

Background—Antithrombotic therapy for intracranial arterial stenosis was recently evaluated
in the Warfarin versus Aspirin for Symptomatic Intracranial Disease (WASID) trial. A …

Background and Purpose—Stroke rates in patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis
may be as high as 10% to 24% per year on medical therapy. This multicenter …

Background: Symptomatic intracranial atherothrombotic stenoses (ICAS) are associated with
high rates of cerebrovascular ischemic events. Objective: To conduct a prospective …

Background: The Warfarin-Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease (WASID) trial showed
that patients with symptomatic 70% to 99% intracranial arterial stenosis are at particularly …

Importance Atherosclerotic vertebrobasilar (VB) occlusive disease is a significant etiology of
posterior circulation stroke, with regional hypoperfusion as an important potential contributor …

Background and Purpose—Medical treatment of symptomatic intracranial stenosis carries a
high risk of stroke. This study was done to evaluate the clinical and angiographic outcomes …

Background and Purpose—The use of bare metal stents to treat symptomatic intracranial
stenosis may be associated with significant restenosis rates. The advent of drug-eluting …

The WASID trial showed no advantage of warfarin over aspirin for preventing the primary
endpoint of ischemic stroke, brain hemorrhage, or vascular death. In analyses of selected …