Salts are abundant on Mars, and any liquid water that is present or may have been present
on the planet is expected to be hypersaline. Halophilic archaea (family Halobacteriaceae) …

Determining whether liquid water exists on the Martian surface is central to understanding
the hydrologic cycle and potential for extant life on Mars. Recurring slope lineae, narrow …

In 1976, the Viking landers carried out the most comprehensive search for organics and
microbial life in the martian regolith. Their results indicate that Mars' surface is lifeless and …

Abstract The Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) instrument onboard the
ESA/Roscosmos ExoMars rover (to launch in July, 2020) will analyze volatile and refractory …

A committee of the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG) has reviewed and
updated the description of Special Regions on Mars as places where terrestrial organisms …

Living on Mars requires the ability to synthesize chemicals that are essential for survival,
such as oxygen, from local Martian resources. However, this is a challenging task. Here we …

Water probably flowed across ancient Mars, but whether it ever exists as a liquid on the
surface today remains debatable. Recurring slope lineae (RSL) are narrow (0.5 to 5 meters) …

The presence of liquid water is a requirement of habitability on a planet. Possible indicators
of liquid surface water on Mars include intermittent flow-like features observed on sloping …

A crewed mission to and from Mars may include an exciting array of enabling
biotechnologies that leverage inherent mass, power, and volume advantages over …

Return of samples from the surface of Mars has been a goal of the international Mars
science community for many years. Affirmation by NASA and ESA of the importance of Mars …