The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus have grown significantly throughout the
world, due primarily to the increase in type 2 diabetes. This overall increase in the number of …

A significant number of dietary restrictions are imposed traditionally and uniformly on
maintenance dialysis patients, whereas there is very little data to support their benefits …

Consistently revised and updated for more than 60 years to reflect the most current research
and practice, Martin's Physical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8th Edition, is the …

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) globally affects 18–20% of adults over the age of
65 years. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most frequent and dangerous …

In patients with diabetes receiving chronic haemodialysis, both very high and low glucose
levels are associated with poor outcomes, including mortality. Conditions that are associated …

HbA1c is a biomarker with a central role in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with
diabetes, although not a perfect one. Common comorbidities encountered in patients with …

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is diagnosed when kidney function is no longer adequate
for long-term survival without kidney transplantation or dialysis. Primary care clinicians …

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with significant alterations in cardiovascular
function; homeostasis of body fluid, electrolytes, and acid-base equilibrium; bone …

Long-term elevated blood sugar levels result in tissue matrix compositional changes in
patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). We hypothesized that hemodialysis patients …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most prevalent complications of diabetes, and
patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) have a substantially higher risk of …