Microbial infections caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi pose significant global health
threats in diverse environments. While conventional disinfection methods are effective, their …

Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) are small membrane-bound nanovesicles with a size
range below 200 nm that are released by all types of cells. sEV carry a diverse cargo of …

Liver cancer caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the third most common cancer-related
cause of death worldwide. Early detection of HBV-caused hepatic tumors increases the …

In addition to chemotherapy, oncolytic viruses are an efficient treatment for acute myeloid
leukemia (AML). Like other oncolytic viruses, the anti-tumor efficacy of reovirus when …

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivates from ganglionic sensory neurons to produce herpes
zoster (shingles) in a unilateral dermatomal distribution, typically in the thoracic region …

Di (2-ethhylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a common plastic rubberizer. DEHP leaches from
plastic matrices and is under increasing scrutiny as numerous studies have linked it to …

Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is
characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides within hepatocytes, which can progress to …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayer vesicles released by cells in the microenvironment of
the liver including parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells. They are the third important …

Flaviviruses are a diverse group of viruses primarily transmitted through hematophagous
insects like mosquitoes and ticks. Significant expansion in the geographic range …

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a non-enveloped picornavirus that can cause systemic
inflammatory diseases including myocarditis, pericarditis, pancreatitis, and …