ABSTRACT Introduction Freezing of gait (FoG) is one of the most disabling yet poorly
understood symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). FoG is an episodic gait pattern …

Abstract Purpose of Review Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment in
several movement disorders, including Parkinson's disease, dystonia, tremor, and Tourette …

Introduction Axial disability, including gait disturbances, is common in Parkinson's disease
(PD), especially in advanced stages. Epidural spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been …

Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a therapeutic procedure widely used in the
management of refractory chronic pain. Evidence from case reports and small descriptive …

Movement disorders are neurological conditions in which patients manifest a diverse range
of movement impairments. Distinct structures within the basal ganglia of the brain, an area …

Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been investigated as a potential therapeutic
option for managing refractory symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) …

Introduction: Since the introduction of burst spinal cord stimulation for neuropathic pain,
several companies have developed their own version of burst stimulation, which is …

Background Falls in extrapyramidal disorders, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD),
multisystem atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), are key milestones …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with an incidence of
0.1 to 0.2% over the age of 40 and a prevalence of over 1 million people in North America …

Abstract Introduction The International Neuromodulation Society convened a multispecialty
group of physicians based on expertise with international representation to establish …