Herbivores are taxonomically and ecologically diverse, ranging in size from microscopic
zooplankton to the largest of land vertebrates. Aquatic grazers include zooplankton (28 …

摘要植物种群在群落中的分布格局与空间尺度有着密切关系, 传统的样方取样及其格局分析方法
, 只能分析一种尺度下的格局. 本文引入一种新的格局分析方法——点格局分析 …

A large number of methods for the analysis of point pattern data have been developed in a
wide range of scientific fields. First‐order statistics describe large‐scale variation in the …

Spatial pattern analysis based on Ripley's K‐function is a second‐order analysis of point
patterns in a twodimensional space. The method is increasingly used in studies of spatial …

Over the last two decades spatial point pattern analysis (SPPA) has become increasingly
popular in ecological research. To direct future work in this area we review studies using …

Spatial statistics were used to examine the pattern of self—thinning in a 0.25—ha even—
aged (65 yr old), pure stand of jack pine in the boreal forest near Elk Lake, Ontario, Canada …

Spatial patterns of tree species were studied in a 50‐ha tropical rain forest plot in the Pasoh
forest, Malaysia. This forest is characterized by a high diversity and very high number of rare …

While the successional dynamics and large‐scale structure of Douglas‐fir forest in the
Pacific Northwest region is well studied, the fine‐scale spatial characteristics at the stand …

Procedures for stem-mapping trees on fixed area plots are described. Two statistical
procedures for analyzing spatial patterns of the completely mapped tree data are presented …

Summary 1 We mapped the locations of live and dead trees in a large forest plot dominated
by pioneer Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) with an understorey of the invading late …