The gut-brain axis plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis. Many intrinsic and
extrinsic factors influence signaling along this axis, modulating the function of both the …

The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a bilateral communication network between the gastrointestinal
(GI) tract and the central nervous system. The essential amino acid tryptophan contributes to …

The gut microbiome has been implicated in multiple human chronic gastrointestinal (GI)
disorders. Determining its mechanistic role in disease has been difficult due to apparent …

The oral route is by far the most common route of drug administration in the gastrointestinal
tract and can be used for both systemic drug delivery and for treating local gastrointestinal …

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract represents a unique challenge to the mammalian immune
system. It must tolerate the presence of the luminal microbiota and thus not respond to their …

The gut microbiota influences the health of the host, especially with regard to gut immune
homeostasis and the intestinal immune response. In addition to serving as a nutrient …

Background The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in regulating gastrointestinal
(GI) physiology in part through interactions with the enteric nervous system (ENS) …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a chronic and progressive disease, and management requires
an understanding of both the primary neurological injury and the secondary sequelae that …

The ecosystem of the human gut consists of trillions of bacteria forming a bioreactor that is
fueled by dietary macronutrients to produce bioactive compounds. These microbiota-derived …

The act of defaecation, although a ubiquitous human experience, requires the coordinated
actions of the anorectum and colon, pelvic floor musculature, and the enteric, peripheral and …