Infection is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE). Bacterial infections are most frequent, followed by viral and fungal …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), is an extremely
successful pathogen that adapts to survive within the host. During the latency phase of …

Objectives To estimate the incidence of severe infection and investigate the associated
factors and clinical impact in a large systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) retrospective …

Viral and bacterial infections may serve as an environmental trigger for the development or
exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the genetically predetermined …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with diverse
manifestations, and its pathogenesis is unclear and complicated. Infection and SLE are …

Immunosuppressive drugs have become the gold standard for the treatment of major organ
involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. The use of immunosuppressive therapy in …

There has been a resurgence in tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. Approximately 2 billion people
have latent infection, 8 million would develop active TB annually, and 2–3 million would die …

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the incidence rate and relative risk of tuberculosis (TB) in patients
with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in patients with RA treated with tumor-necrosis-factor …

A growing body of experimental and clinical evidence supports the pivotal role of infections
in the induction or exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Infections can be …

Arthritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most common disease
manifestations. Nearly all joints can be affected by SLE, but hand and knee involvement are …