Renal fibrosis is the final pathological process common to any ongoing, chronic kidney
injury or maladaptive repair. It is considered as the underlying pathological process of …

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) describes both a common lesion in progressive
kidney disease, and a disease characterized by marked proteinuria and podocyte injury …

The Ang II (Angiotensin II)-Angiotensin-(1-7) axis of the Renin Angiotensin System
encompasses 3 enzymes that form Angiotensin-(1-7)[Ang-(1-7)] directly from Ang II: ACE2 …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes
mellitus and the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. The standard treatments for …

The most classical view of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) emphasizes its role as an
endocrine regulator of sodium balance and blood pressure. However, it has long become …

Abstract Thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) can improve the liver fibrosis and reduce inflammation, while
the role of Tβ4 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) whether mediated by ferroptosis …

Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has been shown to contribute to organ
fibrogenesis. We have reported that N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP) restored …

Interstitial fibrosis represents the final common pathway of any form of progressive renal
disease. The severity of tubular interstitial damage is highly correlated to the degree of …

Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a multifunctional and widely distributed peptide that plays a pivotal role
in several physiological and pathological processes in the body, namely, increasing …

The rat has classically been the species of choice for pharmacological studies and disease
modeling, providing a source of high-quality physiological data on cardiovascular and renal …