In the last decade, the concept of animal stress has been stressed thin to accommodate the
effects of short-term changes in cell and tissue physiology, major behavioral syndromes in …

Triggers and biological processes controlling male or female gonadal differentiation vary in
vertebrates, with sex determination (SD) governed by environmental factors or simple to …

Fewer than 1% of vertebrate species are hermaphroditic, and essentially all of these are
fishes. Four types of hermaphroditism are known in fishes: simultaneous (or synchronous) …

Sexual fate is no longer seen as an irreversible deterministic switch set during early
embryonic development but as an ongoing battle for primacy between male and female …

A close relationship between adult abundance and stock productivity may not exist for many
marine fish stocks, resulting in concern that the management goal of maximum sustainable …

The family Pomacentridae is a species-rich group of primarily marine fishes. The
phylogenetic relationships of the damselfishes are examined herein using sequence data …

Teleost fish exhibit remarkably diverse and plastic patterns of sexual development. One of
the most fascinating modes of plasticity is functional sex change, which is widespread in …

We review transitions between hermaphroditism and dioecy in animals and (mainly
flowering) plants. Although hermaphroditism and dioecy represent two end states in a sex …

Sexual fate can no longer be considered an irreversible deterministic process that once
established during early embryonic development, plays out unchanged across an …

The distribution of hermaphroditism in fishes has traditionally been mainly explained by its
dependence on biotic factors. However, correlates with major abiotic factors have not been …